Introduction
Condoms are one of the most reliable contraceptive methods for preventing unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) when used consistently and correctly. However, human error is common and can render condoms ineffective. This article will provide a complete step-by-step guide on properly wearing both external (male) and internal (female) condoms to get maximum protection.
Types of Condoms
There are two main kinds of condoms:
Male (External) Condoms
Male condoms fit over the penis during intercourse and collect semen after ejaculation. They are the most common and accessible type of condom. When used perfectly every time, male condoms have a 2% failure rate at preventing pregnancy over one year. They also significantly reduce the risk of STIs.
Female (Internal) Condoms
Female condoms are inserted into the vagina before sex. The inner ring holds the sheath in place internally while the outer ring remains outside the vaginal opening during intercourse. When used correctly, female condoms have a 5% failure rate for contraception annually. They provide protection against both pregnancies and STIs.
Using Male (External) Condoms
Follow these steps to properly wear a male condom:
- Check Expiration Date: Always verify the expiration date printed on the condom foil packet. Do not use expired condoms as the latex can become brittle and prone to tearing.
- Open Wrapper Carefully: Tear the packet open smoothly along the edges. Avoid using teeth, scissors or knives which could damage the condom itself.
- Confirm Correct Direction: Identify the rolled rim on the closed end, which will face outwards. If difficult to unroll, it may be inside-out. Never flip and reuse an incorrectly worn condom.
- Pinch Reservoir Tip: Gently pinch the nipple-shaped tip before placing on the penis. This leaves space to collect semen later and prevents breakage.
- Unroll Entire Shaft: Smoothly roll the condom down the full length of the erect penis to the base. If it does not reach pubic hair, it is likely too small.
- Use Correct Lubrication: Apply a few drops of water-based lubricant on the outside and inside tip to prevent friction. Oil-based lubes can degrade the latex.
- Withdraw Immediately After Ejaculation: Carefully withdraw the penis while still erect before it softens. Pinch the rim of the condom to avoid spillage.
- Remove and Dispose Properly: Gently peel off the condom without spilling semen. Tie a knot, wrap in tissue and discard in a bin. Do not flush condoms.
- Use Fresh Condom For Each Act: Never reuse condoms. Wear a new one each time you have oral, vaginal or anal intercourse.
Using Female (Internal) Condoms
Here are the steps for correctly inserting and using female condoms:
- Check Packaging and Expiration: Inspect for damage and verify the expiry date. Carefully remove the condom from the foil, avoiding sharp nails or tools.
- Find a Comfortable Position: Stand with one foot on a chair, squat down or lie on your back. Choose what is most relaxing for insertion.
- Squeeze Closed Inner Ring: Pinch the soft inner ring at the closed end so it becomes long and narrow for easier insertion.
- Insert Condom Deep Into Vagina: Gently guide the squeezed inner ring as deep as possible into the vagina with your finger. Ensure it is fully inserted.
- Ensure Outer Ring Covers Vaginal Opening: The larger outer ring should remain outside, covering the external vaginal opening. Adjust if necessary.
- Ensure Penis Enters Condom: Guide the penis inside the sheath during intercourse. If the outer ring gets pushed in, pull it out again.
- Twist Outer Ring on Removal: To remove, gently twist the outer ring to seal in fluids. Discard the used condom properly in the trash.
- Insert Up to 8 Hours Before Sex: Female condoms can be inserted hours ahead of time unlike male condoms applied right before intercourse.
Common Condom Use Errors
Avoid these common mistakes that lead to condom failure:
- Putting on condoms inside-out or upside down
- Not leaving space at the tip for semen collection
- Using improper lubricants like oil-based products
- Delayed application or premature removal
- Reusing condoms more than once
- Using damaged, expired or improperly stored condoms
- Using two condoms together
Conclusion
When used consistently and correctly every time, both male and female condoms provide highly effective protection against unintended pregnancies and STIs. Follow these step-by-step instructions carefully to get the maximum contraceptive and prophylactic benefits from condoms and enjoy safer intimacy.
Reference
World Health Organization. “Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).” WHO, 10 July 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted-infections-(stis).